Audit report

The clinical audit the trust already owes, in NHS England's structure — written from counts and rates only, never from a patient's record.

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# Clinical audit report — covid_handoffs_v1

*2020-01-01 to 2020-12-31 · cohort n = 1500 · generated 2026-09-18T09:56:50 UTC · run `rpt-20260918T095650-5d4803d2` · **provisional** (5 of 6 criteria)*

**Audit question.** On the COVID-19 admission pathway, where do we lose time between diagnosis and treatment, and why?

## Summary

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

| Criterion | Corrected rate (95 % CI) | Naive rate | Reviewed | Provisional | Hours-lost rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H1 Suspected to confirmed | 19.3 % (17.3–21.4 %) | 19.3 % | 21 / 1454 | no review has yet disagreed with a verdict — the corrected interval is the naive one relabelled | 3 |
| H2 Hypoxaemia to admission | 29.5 % (27.1–32.0 %) | 29.5 % | 21 / 1317 | no review has yet disagreed with a verdict — the corrected interval is the naive one relabelled | 5 |
| H3 Admission to ICU escalation | 28.4 % (23.0–33.8 %) | 28.4 % | 20 / 271 | no review has yet disagreed with a verdict — the corrected interval is the naive one relabelled | 6 |
| H4 Admission to VTE prophylaxis | 35.4 % (32.9–37.9 %) | 35.4 % | 19 / 1381 | no review has yet disagreed with a verdict — the corrected interval is the naive one relabelled | 2 |
| H5 ICU to ventilation | 29.7 % (16.2–43.1 %) | 38.4 % | 23 / 219 | no | 4 |
| H6 Discharge to follow-up | 38.6 % (33.3–43.9 %) | 38.6 % | 20 / 324 | no review has yet disagreed with a verdict — the corrected interval is the naive one relabelled | 1 |

## Findings

### H1 — Suspected to confirmed (suspected → confirmed, target 24.0 h; NHS England COVID-19 testing turnaround, 2020)

**Where time is lost.** Corrected breach rate 19.3 % (95 % CI 17.3–21.4 %; method ppi); naive model-only rate 19.3 % (17.4–21.4 %). Reviewed 21 of 1454 estimable cases. 46 abstained (end event exists); 0 no end event documented. **Provisional:** no review has yet disagreed with a verdict — the corrected interval is the naive one relabelled. Breaches: 262 breached — stalled (18.0 %), 0 breached — legitimate wait (0.0 %), 19 breached — reason undetermined (1.3 %).

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

**Why.**

| Reason | Class | n | Rate (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| swab_delay | system | 4 | 14.3 % (0.0–29.6 %) |
| lab_backlog | system | 227 | 0.0 % (0.0–11.0 %) |
| result_not_actioned | system | 11 | 10.1 % (0.0–23.0 %) |
| other | system | 20 | 1.4 % (0.8–2.0 %) |
| undetermined | undetermined | 19 | 1.3 % (0.7–1.9 %) |

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

**Who.**

Organisations outside funnel limits: Org-42 alarm_high (61.5 %, 35.5–82.3 %, n = 13), Org-40 alert_high (42.9 %, 21.4–67.4 %, n = 14), Org-12 alert_low (3.1 %, 0.6–15.7 %, n = 32).
Run chart: no signal over 9 weeks.

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

### H2 — Hypoxaemia to admission (hypoxaemia → admitted, target 4.0 h; NICE NG191 / BTS oxygen guideline)

**Where time is lost.** Corrected breach rate 29.5 % (95 % CI 27.1–32.0 %; method ppi); naive model-only rate 29.5 % (27.1–32.1 %). Reviewed 21 of 1317 estimable cases. 99 abstained (end event exists); 0 no end event documented. **Provisional:** no review has yet disagreed with a verdict — the corrected interval is the naive one relabelled. Breaches: 216 breached — stalled (16.4 %), 86 breached — legitimate wait (6.5 %), 87 breached — reason undetermined (6.6 %).

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

**Why.**

| Reason | Class | n | Rate (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| bed_unavailable | system | 70 | 14.7 % (1.8–27.6 %) |
| referral_not_received | system | 23 | 1.7 % (1.0–2.5 %) |
| patient_declined | legitimate | 86 | 6.5 % (5.2–7.9 %) |
| transport_delay | system | 23 | 1.7 % (1.0–2.5 %) |
| other | system | 100 | 0.0 % (0.0–11.2 %) |
| undetermined | undetermined | 87 | 6.6 % (5.3–7.9 %) |

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

**Who.**

Organisations outside funnel limits: Org-21 alert_high (52.2 %, 33.0–70.8 %, n = 23), Org-08 alert_high (48.6 %, 33.4–64.1 %, n = 37).
Run chart: no signal over 9 weeks.

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

### H3 — Admission to ICU escalation (admitted → icu, target 12.0 h; NICE NG159 critical care referral)

**Where time is lost.** Corrected breach rate 28.4 % (95 % CI 23.0–33.8 %; method ppi); naive model-only rate 28.4 % (23.4–34.1 %). Reviewed 20 of 271 estimable cases. 10 abstained (end event exists); 0 no end event documented. **Provisional:** no review has yet disagreed with a verdict — the corrected interval is the naive one relabelled. Breaches: 74 breached — stalled (27.3 %), 0 breached — legitimate wait (0.0 %), 3 breached — reason undetermined (1.1 %).

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

**Why.**

| Reason | Class | n | Rate (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| icu_full | system | 25 | 13.9 % (3.5–24.2 %) |
| escalation_delayed | system | 22 | 8.1 % (4.9–11.4 %) |
| news2_not_recorded | system | 6 | 16.1 % (0.0–32.2 %) |
| other | system | 21 | 0.0 % (0.0–7.5 %) |
| undetermined | undetermined | 3 | 1.1 % (0.0–2.4 %) |

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

**Who.**

No organisation outside its funnel limits.
Run chart: no signal over 7 weeks.

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

### H4 — Admission to VTE prophylaxis (admitted → enoxaparin, target 24.0 h; NICE NG89 VTE prophylaxis)

**Where time is lost.** Corrected breach rate 35.4 % (95 % CI 32.9–37.9 %; method ppi); naive model-only rate 35.4 % (32.9–38.0 %). Reviewed 19 of 1381 estimable cases. 30 abstained (end event exists); 5 no end event documented. **Provisional:** no review has yet disagreed with a verdict — the corrected interval is the naive one relabelled. Breaches: 381 breached — stalled (27.6 %), 107 breached — legitimate wait (7.7 %), 1 breached — reason undetermined (0.1 %).

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

**Why.**

| Reason | Class | n | Rate (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| not_prescribed | system | 49 | 8.7 % (0.0–19.1 %) |
| prescription_unsigned | system | 107 | 7.7 % (6.3–9.2 %) |
| contraindication_documented | legitimate | 107 | 7.7 % (6.3–9.2 %) |
| drug_shortage | system | 97 | 7.0 % (5.7–8.4 %) |
| other | system | 128 | 4.1 % (0.0–14.5 %) |
| undetermined | undetermined | 1 | 0.1 % (0.0–0.2 %) |

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

**Who.**

Organisations outside funnel limits: Org-56 alert_high (80.0 %, 37.6–96.4 %, n = 5).
Run chart: no signal over 9 weeks.

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

### H5 — ICU to ventilation (icu → ventilated, target 6.0 h; local critical care standard)

**Where time is lost.** Corrected breach rate 29.7 % (95 % CI 16.2–43.1 %; method ppi); naive model-only rate 38.4 % (32.2–44.9 %). Reviewed 23 of 219 estimable cases. 3 abstained (end event exists); 0 no end event documented. Breaches: 56 breached — stalled (26.0 %), 0 breached — legitimate wait (0.0 %), 25 breached — reason undetermined (3.6 %).

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

**Why.**

| Reason | Class | n | Rate (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| ventilator_unavailable | system | 10 | 12.3 % (0.3–24.4 %) |
| decision_delayed | system | 23 | 11.0 % (6.8–15.1 %) |
| other | system | 23 | 2.7 % (0.0–15.2 %) |
| undetermined | undetermined | 25 | 3.6 % (0.0–16.2 %) |

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

**Who.**

Organisations outside funnel limits: Org-04 alert_high (62.5 %, 30.6–86.3 %, n = 8), Org-12 alert_high (66.7 %, 35.4–87.9 %, n = 9).
Run chart: 2020-W08 alert_low over 6 weeks.

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

### H6 — Discharge to follow-up (discharged → follow_up, target 336.0 h; BTS post-COVID follow-up guidance)

**Where time is lost.** Corrected breach rate 38.6 % (95 % CI 33.3–43.9 %; method ppi); naive model-only rate 38.6 % (33.4–44.0 %). Reviewed 20 of 324 estimable cases. 46 abstained (end event exists); 1015 no follow-up documented. **Provisional:** no review has yet disagreed with a verdict — the corrected interval is the naive one relabelled. Breaches: 85 breached — stalled (26.2 %), 39 breached — legitimate wait (12.0 %), 1 breached — reason undetermined (0.3 %).

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

**Why.**

| Reason | Class | n | Rate (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| not_booked | system | 42 | 22.3 % (8.4–36.3 %) |
| dna | legitimate | 39 | 12.0 % (8.5–15.6 %) |
| lost_to_follow_up | system | 21 | 6.2 % (3.5–8.8 %) |
| other | system | 22 | 0.0 % (0.0–11.5 %) |
| undetermined | undetermined | 1 | 0.3 % (0.0–0.9 %) |

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

**Who.**

Organisations outside funnel limits: Org-10 alert_high (70.0 %, 40.1–99.9 %, n = 10).
Run chart: no signal over 10 weeks.

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

## Signals and recommended actions

| Signal | Where | Rate (95 % CI) | n | Action | Owner (responsible; notified) | By whom |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| org_outlier alarm_high | H1 organization = Org-42 | 61.5 % (35.5–82.3 %) | 13 | Escalate turnaround breach to lab manager; prioritise inpatient samples | Microbiology lab manager / COVID testing lead | audit lead |
| org_outlier alert_high | H1 organization = Org-40 | 42.9 % (21.4–67.4 %) | 14 | Escalate turnaround breach to lab manager; prioritise inpatient samples | Microbiology lab manager / COVID testing lead | audit lead |
| org_exemplar alert_low | H1 organization = Org-12 | 3.1 % (0.6–15.7 %) | 32 | Escalate turnaround breach to lab manager; prioritise inpatient samples | Microbiology lab manager / COVID testing lead | audit lead |
| org_outlier alert_high | H2 organization = Org-21 | 52.2 % (33.0–70.8 %) | 23 | Escalate to site manager at 2 h; open surge beds per escalation policy | ED clinical lead / bed manager | audit lead |
| org_outlier alert_high | H2 organization = Org-08 | 48.6 % (33.4–64.1 %) | 37 | Escalate to site manager at 2 h; open surge beds per escalation policy | ED clinical lead / bed manager | audit lead |
| criterion_below_target below_target | H4 all = all | 35.4 % (32.9–37.9 %) | 1381 | Review at monthly audit meeting | Ward pharmacist / trust VTE lead | audit lead |
| org_outlier alert_high | H4 organization = Org-56 | 80.0 % (37.6–96.4 %) | 5 | Review at monthly audit meeting | Ward pharmacist / trust VTE lead | audit lead |
| org_outlier alert_high | H5 organization = Org-04 | 62.5 % (30.6–86.3 %) | 8 | Review at monthly audit meeting | ICU clinical director | audit lead |
| org_outlier alert_high | H5 organization = Org-12 | 66.7 % (35.4–87.9 %) | 9 | Review at monthly audit meeting | ICU clinical director | audit lead |
| org_outlier alert_high | H6 organization = Org-10 | 70.0 % (40.1–99.9 %) | 10 | Review at monthly audit meeting | Respiratory clinic coordinator | audit lead |
| top_time_lost rank_1 | H6 all = all | 38.6 % (33.3–43.9 %) | 324 | Follow-up booked before discharge letter is signed | Respiratory clinic coordinator | audit lead |

Actions and owners are those written into the audit protocol's `actions` block; the report writer adds none.

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

## Health inequalities

| Criterion | Segment | Value | n | Corrected rate (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H1 | age_band | 0-17 | 88 | 21.6 % (14.3–31.3 %) |
| H1 | age_band | 18-39 | 344 | 18.9 % (14.8–23.0 %) |
| H1 | age_band | 40-59 | 521 | 17.5 % (14.2–20.7 %) |
| H1 | age_band | 60-79 | 376 | 21.3 % (17.1–25.4 %) |
| H1 | age_band | 80+ | 125 | 20.8 % (14.6–28.7 %) |
| H1 | sex | F | 775 | 19.5 % (16.7–22.3 %) |
| H1 | sex | M | 679 | 19.1 % (16.2–22.1 %) |
| H1 | race | asian | 109 | 15.6 % (10.0–23.6 %) |
| H1 | race | black | 123 | 18.7 % (11.8–25.6 %) |
| H1 | race | native | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| H1 | race | other | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| H1 | race | white | 1218 | 19.7 % (17.5–21.9 %) |
| H1 | ethnicity | hispanic | 159 | 20.1 % (13.9–26.4 %) |
| H1 | ethnicity | nonhispanic | 1295 | 19.2 % (17.1–21.4 %) |
| H2 | age_band | 0-17 | 76 | 30.3 % (21.1–41.3 %) |
| H2 | age_band | 18-39 | 304 | 28.9 % (23.8–34.1 %) |
| H2 | age_band | 40-59 | 488 | 29.7 % (25.7–33.8 %) |
| H2 | age_band | 60-79 | 336 | 30.7 % (25.7–35.6 %) |
| H2 | age_band | 80+ | 113 | 26.5 % (19.3–35.4 %) |
| H2 | sex | F | 684 | 28.9 % (25.5–32.3 %) |
| H2 | sex | M | 633 | 30.2 % (26.6–33.8 %) |
| H2 | race | asian | 100 | 40.0 % (30.9–49.8 %) |
| H2 | race | black | 108 | 26.9 % (18.5–35.2 %) |
| H2 | race | native | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| H2 | race | other | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| H2 | race | white | 1105 | 28.8 % (26.1–31.4 %) |
| H2 | ethnicity | hispanic | 138 | 25.4 % (18.1–32.6 %) |
| H2 | ethnicity | nonhispanic | 1179 | 30.0 % (27.4–32.6 %) |
| H3 | age_band | 0-17 | 5 | 20.0 % (3.6–62.4 %) |
| H3 | age_band | 18-39 | 39 | 43.6 % (27.8–59.4 %) |
| H3 | age_band | 40-59 | 75 | 29.3 % (19.0–39.7 %) |
| H3 | age_band | 60-79 | 84 | 28.6 % (18.9–38.3 %) |
| H3 | age_band | 80+ | 68 | 19.1 % (9.7–28.5 %) |
| H3 | sex | F | 121 | 24.0 % (16.3–31.6 %) |
| H3 | sex | M | 150 | 32.0 % (24.5–39.5 %) |
| H3 | race | asian | 16 | 25.0 % (10.2–49.5 %) |
| H3 | race | black | 25 | 16.0 % (1.3–30.7 %) |
| H3 | race | white | 230 | 30.0 % (24.1–35.9 %) |
| H3 | ethnicity | hispanic | 28 | 17.9 % (7.9–35.6 %) |
| H3 | ethnicity | nonhispanic | 243 | 29.6 % (23.9–35.4 %) |
| H4 | age_band | 0-17 | 80 | 35.0 % (24.5–45.5 %) |
| H4 | age_band | 18-39 | 322 | 36.0 % (31.0–41.4 %) |
| H4 | age_band | 40-59 | 504 | 35.7 % (31.5–39.9 %) |
| H4 | age_band | 60-79 | 357 | 34.7 % (29.8–39.7 %) |
| H4 | age_band | 80+ | 118 | 34.7 % (26.1–43.4 %) |
| H4 | sex | F | 723 | 34.9 % (31.4–38.3 %) |
| H4 | sex | M | 658 | 36.0 % (32.3–39.7 %) |
| H4 | race | asian | 103 | 31.1 % (22.1–40.0 %) |
| H4 | race | black | 115 | 33.0 % (25.1–42.1 %) |
| H4 | race | native | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| H4 | race | other | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| H4 | race | white | 1159 | 36.0 % (33.2–38.7 %) |
| H4 | ethnicity | hispanic | 149 | 38.3 % (30.8–46.3 %) |
| H4 | ethnicity | nonhispanic | 1232 | 35.1 % (32.4–37.7 %) |
| H5 | age_band | 0-17 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| H5 | age_band | 18-39 | 19 | 42.1 % (19.3–64.9 %) |
| H5 | age_band | 40-59 | 56 | 17.3 % (0.0–52.2 %) |
| H5 | age_band | 60-79 | 75 | 41.3 % (30.1–52.6 %) |
| H5 | age_band | 80+ | 68 | 18.2 % (0.0–59.1 %) |
| H5 | sex | F | 93 | 38.7 % (28.8–48.7 %) |
| H5 | sex | M | 126 | 27.0 % (9.8–44.2 %) |
| H5 | race | asian | 13 | 30.8 % (12.7–57.6 %) |
| H5 | race | black | 23 | 34.8 % (14.9–54.7 %) |
| H5 | race | white | 183 | 29.3 % (14.1–44.6 %) |
| H5 | ethnicity | hispanic | 22 | 40.9 % (19.9–61.9 %) |
| H5 | ethnicity | nonhispanic | 197 | 28.5 % (14.0–43.1 %) |
| H6 | age_band | 0-17 | 23 | 34.8 % (18.8–55.1 %) |
| H6 | age_band | 18-39 | 94 | 36.2 % (26.4–45.9 %) |
| H6 | age_band | 40-59 | 119 | 47.1 % (38.1–56.1 %) |
| H6 | age_band | 60-79 | 74 | 29.7 % (19.2–40.2 %) |
| H6 | age_band | 80+ | 14 | 35.7 % (9.7–61.8 %) |
| H6 | sex | F | 206 | 38.3 % (31.7–45.0 %) |
| H6 | sex | M | 118 | 39.0 % (30.1–47.8 %) |
| H6 | race | asian | 23 | 34.8 % (18.8–55.1 %) |
| H6 | race | black | 26 | 42.3 % (22.9–61.7 %) |
| H6 | race | native | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| H6 | race | other | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| H6 | race | white | 274 | 38.7 % (32.9–44.5 %) |
| H6 | ethnicity | hispanic | 30 | 50.0 % (33.2–66.8 %) |
| H6 | ethnicity | nonhispanic | 294 | 37.4 % (31.9–43.0 %) |

Deprivation is not available in the source data.

## Change since previous run

first run of this protocol

## Methods

- Protocol `covid_handoffs_v1`, hash `83174236e120`; code `4969875`.
- Adjudicator google/medgemma-27b-text-it (prompt adj-f84108475fb7); reader version read-b91f26a17b8a; report writer none (narrative withheld).
- Estimator: prediction-powered inference (Angelopoulos et al. 2023, mean estimator) on the estimation pool (0.8 of reviews), 0.95 confidence; Wilson intervals for the naive and classical rates. The PPI variance omits the (≥ 0) covariance term, so corrected intervals are conservative.
- Cells with n < 5 are suppressed.
- Who reviews the data entered: the clinician, through the review workbench (Confirm, Override, Flag per case); a flagged review is excluded from every estimate. Reviewers on this run: seed. Cases with a review on file: 150 (validated 150, disputed 0, flagged 0).
- The "by whom" column names the audit lead because the protocol has no field for it.
- Replicable: `auditpace estimate && auditpace report` on the same tables reproduces every figure; estimates computed 2026-09-18T09:56:39.

## Caveats

- H1: corrected interval is provisional — no review has yet disagreed with a verdict — the corrected interval is the naive one relabelled.
- H2: corrected interval is provisional — no review has yet disagreed with a verdict — the corrected interval is the naive one relabelled.
- H3: corrected interval is provisional — no review has yet disagreed with a verdict — the corrected interval is the naive one relabelled.
- H4: corrected interval is provisional — no review has yet disagreed with a verdict — the corrected interval is the naive one relabelled.
- H6: corrected interval is provisional — no review has yet disagreed with a verdict — the corrected interval is the naive one relabelled.
- Abstentions: 234 of 6220 cases (3.8 %) had an end event but no verdict; 1020 (16.4 %) had no end event documented — for H6 this is "no follow-up documented", not a breach and not compliance.
- Citations: 276 of 15683 quoted passages (1.8 %) could not be verified on the page and carry no rectangle in the workbench.
- Interval widths (95 % CI, corrected): H1 17.3–21.4 %; H2 27.1–32.0 %; H3 23.0–33.8 %; H4 32.9–37.9 %; H5 16.2–43.1 %; H6 33.3–43.9 %.
- Suppressed cells: 243. Quarantined items: cohort 0, estimate 0, synth 0.
- Completeness: suspected 1500/1500, confirmed 1500/1500, hypoxaemia 1416/1500, admitted 1416/1500, icu 281/1500, ventilated 222/1500, enoxaparin 1411/1500, discharged 1385/1500, follow_up 370/1500, died 275/1500.
- Reviews on this run include a rehearsal seed drawn from structured truth (reviewer `seed`); corrected intervals are not clinician-validated.

Narrative withheld: report writer unavailable.

## Validation on the synthetic cohort (not available on live data)

These figures compare model verdicts with the planted structured truth of the synthetic cohort; a live audit has no such truth and cannot produce them.

| Criterion | κ (verdict vs truth) | n |
|---|---|---|
| H1 | 1.00 | 1454 |
| H2 | 0.97 | 1317 |
| H3 | 0.98 | 271 |
| H4 | 1.00 | 1381 |
| H5 | 0.50 | 219 |
| H6 | 1.00 | 337 |

| Criterion | Reason-tag accuracy | n breached |
|---|---|---|
| H1 | 33.1 % | 281 |
| H2 | 53.5 % | 389 |
| H3 | 64.9 % | 77 |
| H4 | 82.2 % | 489 |
| H5 | 28.6 % | 84 |
| H6 | 76.8 % | 125 |

| Criterion | Review fraction | Naive coverage | Corrected coverage |
|---|---|---|---|
| H1 | 0.02 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H1 | 0.05 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H1 | 0.1 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H1 | 0.2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H1 | 0.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H1 | 1.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H2 | 0.02 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H2 | 0.05 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H2 | 0.1 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H2 | 0.2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H2 | 0.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H2 | 1.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H3 | 0.02 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H3 | 0.05 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H3 | 0.1 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H3 | 0.2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H3 | 0.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H3 | 1.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H4 | 0.02 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H4 | 0.05 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H4 | 0.1 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H4 | 0.2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H4 | 0.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H4 | 1.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H5 | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.59 |
| H5 | 0.05 | 0.00 | 0.91 |
| H5 | 0.1 | 0.00 | 0.96 |
| H5 | 0.2 | 0.00 | 0.98 |
| H5 | 0.5 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| H5 | 1.0 | 0.00 | 1.00 |
| H6 | 0.02 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H6 | 0.05 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H6 | 0.1 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H6 | 0.2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H6 | 0.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| H6 | 1.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 |

H5 naive coverage falls below 0.9 at review fractions under 1.0: the model's hospital-admission-as-ICU-admission bias, corrected by review.

## Appendix

### Segment tables

H1 — Suspected to confirmed

| Segment | Value | n | Corrected rate (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| age_band | 0-17 | 88 | 21.6 % (14.3–31.3 %) |
| age_band | 18-39 | 344 | 18.9 % (14.8–23.0 %) |
| age_band | 40-59 | 521 | 17.5 % (14.2–20.7 %) |
| age_band | 60-79 | 376 | 21.3 % (17.1–25.4 %) |
| age_band | 80+ | 125 | 20.8 % (14.6–28.7 %) |
| sex | F | 775 | 19.5 % (16.7–22.3 %) |
| sex | M | 679 | 19.1 % (16.2–22.1 %) |
| race | asian | 109 | 15.6 % (10.0–23.6 %) |
| race | black | 123 | 18.7 % (11.8–25.6 %) |
| race | native | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| race | other | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| race | white | 1218 | 19.7 % (17.5–21.9 %) |
| ethnicity | hispanic | 159 | 20.1 % (13.9–26.4 %) |
| ethnicity | nonhispanic | 1295 | 19.2 % (17.1–21.4 %) |
| organization | Org-29 | 20 | 20.0 % (8.1–41.6 %) |
| organization | Org-54 | 5 | 40.0 % (11.8–76.9 %) |
| organization | Org-55 | 5 | 20.0 % (3.6–62.4 %) |
| organization | Org-75 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-24 | 23 | 13.0 % (4.5–32.1 %) |
| organization | Org-71 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-63 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-64 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-26 | 20 | 10.0 % (2.8–30.1 %) |
| organization | Org-15 | 32 | 12.5 % (0.9–24.1 %) |
| organization | Org-25 | 23 | 21.7 % (9.7–41.9 %) |
| organization | Org-11 | 35 | 14.3 % (6.3–29.4 %) |
| organization | Org-48 | 9 | 11.1 % (2.0–43.5 %) |
| organization | Org-47 | 11 | 0.0 % (0.0–25.9 %) |
| organization | Org-42 | 13 | 61.5 % (35.5–82.3 %) |
| organization | Org-20 | 25 | 20.0 % (8.9–39.1 %) |
| organization | Org-53 | 6 | 0.0 % (0.0–39.0 %) |
| organization | Org-09 | 38 | 18.4 % (9.2–33.4 %) |
| organization | Org-04 | 47 | 19.1 % (7.8–30.5 %) |
| organization | Org-56 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-57 | 5 | 0.0 % (0.0–43.4 %) |
| organization | Org-17 | 26 | 11.5 % (4.0–29.0 %) |
| organization | Org-10 | 35 | 25.7 % (14.2–42.1 %) |
| organization | Org-27 | 19 | 15.8 % (5.5–37.6 %) |
| organization | Org-43 | 12 | 8.3 % (1.5–35.4 %) |
| organization | Org-19 | 26 | 30.8 % (16.5–50.0 %) |
| organization | Org-35 | 17 | 23.5 % (9.6–47.3 %) |
| organization | Org-80 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-76 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-81 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-40 | 14 | 42.9 % (21.4–67.4 %) |
| organization | Org-65 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-22 | 22 | 4.5 % (0.8–21.8 %) |
| organization | Org-07 | 39 | 10.3 % (4.1–23.6 %) |
| organization | Org-37 | 17 | 11.8 % (3.3–34.3 %) |
| organization | Org-03 | 46 | 19.6 % (10.7–33.2 %) |
| organization | Org-30 | 19 | 36.8 % (19.1–59.0 %) |
| organization | Org-14 | 33 | 30.3 % (17.4–47.3 %) |
| organization | Org-66 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-77 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-78 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-79 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-18 | 26 | 15.4 % (1.2–29.5 %) |
| organization | Org-52 | 7 | 28.6 % (8.2–64.1 %) |
| organization | Org-72 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-28 | 21 | 23.8 % (10.6–45.1 %) |
| organization | Org-49 | 9 | 33.3 % (12.1–64.6 %) |
| organization | Org-82 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-58 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-59 | 5 | 0.0 % (0.0–43.4 %) |
| organization | Org-50 | 7 | 0.0 % (0.0–35.4 %) |
| organization | Org-73 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-31 | 20 | 35.0 % (18.1–56.7 %) |
| organization | Org-21 | 25 | 12.0 % (4.2–30.0 %) |
| organization | Org-02 | 49 | 20.4 % (11.5–33.6 %) |
| organization | Org-23 | 24 | 20.8 % (9.2–40.5 %) |
| organization | Org-67 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-60 | 5 | 0.0 % (0.0–43.4 %) |
| organization | Org-83 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-12 | 32 | 3.1 % (0.6–15.7 %) |
| organization | Org-74 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-68 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-69 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-13 | 35 | 14.3 % (6.3–29.4 %) |
| organization | Org-01 | 73 | 16.4 % (9.7–26.6 %) |
| organization | Org-51 | 8 | 25.0 % (7.1–59.1 %) |
| organization | Org-61 | 5 | 0.0 % (0.0–43.4 %) |
| organization | Org-44 | 12 | 33.3 % (13.8–60.9 %) |
| organization | Org-08 | 39 | 20.5 % (10.8–35.5 %) |
| organization | Org-84 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-06 | 40 | 12.5 % (5.5–26.1 %) |
| organization | Org-62 | 5 | 20.0 % (3.6–62.4 %) |
| organization | Org-46 | 12 | 33.3 % (13.8–60.9 %) |
| organization | Org-39 | 16 | 6.2 % (1.1–28.3 %) |
| organization | Org-38 | 15 | 20.0 % (7.0–45.2 %) |
| organization | Org-85 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-32 | 19 | 15.8 % (5.5–37.6 %) |
| organization | Org-33 | 20 | 30.0 % (14.5–51.9 %) |
| organization | Org-05 | 43 | 25.6 % (12.4–38.8 %) |
| organization | Org-16 | 26 | 15.4 % (6.2–33.5 %) |
| organization | Org-34 | 20 | 25.0 % (11.2–46.9 %) |
| organization | Org-86 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-41 | 15 | 20.0 % (7.0–45.2 %) |
| organization | Org-36 | 18 | 11.1 % (3.1–32.8 %) |
| organization | Org-45 | 13 | 30.8 % (12.7–57.6 %) |
| organization | Org-70 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | unknown | 80 | 16.2 % (8.1–24.4 %) |

H2 — Hypoxaemia to admission

| Segment | Value | n | Corrected rate (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| age_band | 0-17 | 76 | 30.3 % (21.1–41.3 %) |
| age_band | 18-39 | 304 | 28.9 % (23.8–34.1 %) |
| age_band | 40-59 | 488 | 29.7 % (25.7–33.8 %) |
| age_band | 60-79 | 336 | 30.7 % (25.7–35.6 %) |
| age_band | 80+ | 113 | 26.5 % (19.3–35.4 %) |
| sex | F | 684 | 28.9 % (25.5–32.3 %) |
| sex | M | 633 | 30.2 % (26.6–33.8 %) |
| race | asian | 100 | 40.0 % (30.9–49.8 %) |
| race | black | 108 | 26.9 % (18.5–35.2 %) |
| race | native | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| race | other | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| race | white | 1105 | 28.8 % (26.1–31.4 %) |
| ethnicity | hispanic | 138 | 25.4 % (18.1–32.6 %) |
| ethnicity | nonhispanic | 1179 | 30.0 % (27.4–32.6 %) |
| organization | Org-29 | 19 | 36.8 % (19.1–59.0 %) |
| organization | Org-54 | 5 | 60.0 % (23.1–88.2 %) |
| organization | Org-55 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-75 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-24 | 22 | 18.2 % (7.3–38.5 %) |
| organization | Org-71 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-63 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-64 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-26 | 22 | 36.4 % (19.7–57.0 %) |
| organization | Org-15 | 32 | 18.8 % (8.9–35.3 %) |
| organization | Org-25 | 22 | 36.4 % (19.7–57.0 %) |
| organization | Org-11 | 33 | 30.3 % (17.4–47.3 %) |
| organization | Org-48 | 9 | 11.1 % (2.0–43.5 %) |
| organization | Org-47 | 10 | 40.0 % (16.8–68.7 %) |
| organization | Org-42 | 12 | 25.0 % (8.9–53.2 %) |
| organization | Org-20 | 22 | 31.8 % (16.4–52.7 %) |
| organization | Org-53 | 6 | 66.7 % (30.0–90.3 %) |
| organization | Org-09 | 37 | 40.5 % (26.3–56.5 %) |
| organization | Org-04 | 41 | 36.6 % (23.6–51.9 %) |
| organization | Org-56 | 5 | 20.0 % (3.6–62.4 %) |
| organization | Org-57 | 5 | 0.0 % (0.0–43.4 %) |
| organization | Org-17 | 27 | 29.6 % (15.9–48.5 %) |
| organization | Org-10 | 31 | 19.4 % (9.2–36.3 %) |
| organization | Org-27 | 17 | 29.4 % (13.3–53.1 %) |
| organization | Org-43 | 13 | 15.4 % (4.3–42.2 %) |
| organization | Org-19 | 23 | 34.8 % (18.8–55.1 %) |
| organization | Org-35 | 18 | 16.7 % (5.8–39.2 %) |
| organization | Org-80 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-76 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-81 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-40 | 13 | 15.4 % (4.3–42.2 %) |
| organization | Org-65 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-22 | 21 | 38.1 % (16.8–59.4 %) |
| organization | Org-07 | 38 | 21.1 % (11.1–36.3 %) |
| organization | Org-37 | 15 | 20.0 % (7.0–45.2 %) |
| organization | Org-03 | 46 | 21.7 % (12.3–35.6 %) |
| organization | Org-30 | 19 | 31.6 % (15.4–54.0 %) |
| organization | Org-14 | 33 | 27.3 % (15.1–44.2 %) |
| organization | Org-66 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-77 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-78 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-79 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-18 | 25 | 32.0 % (17.2–51.6 %) |
| organization | Org-52 | 7 | 42.9 % (15.8–75.0 %) |
| organization | Org-72 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-28 | 18 | 22.2 % (9.0–45.2 %) |
| organization | Org-49 | 9 | 33.3 % (12.1–64.6 %) |
| organization | Org-82 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-58 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-59 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-50 | 9 | 33.3 % (12.1–64.6 %) |
| organization | Org-73 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-31 | 19 | 26.3 % (11.8–48.8 %) |
| organization | Org-21 | 23 | 52.2 % (33.0–70.8 %) |
| organization | Org-02 | 49 | 38.8 % (25.0–52.6 %) |
| organization | Org-23 | 19 | 31.6 % (15.4–54.0 %) |
| organization | Org-67 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-60 | 5 | 60.0 % (23.1–88.2 %) |
| organization | Org-83 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-12 | 34 | 14.7 % (2.6–26.8 %) |
| organization | Org-74 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-68 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-69 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-13 | 31 | 22.6 % (11.4–39.8 %) |
| organization | Org-01 | 73 | 26.0 % (15.9–36.2 %) |
| organization | Org-51 | 7 | 28.6 % (8.2–64.1 %) |
| organization | Org-61 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-44 | 11 | 18.2 % (5.1–47.7 %) |
| organization | Org-08 | 37 | 48.6 % (33.4–64.1 %) |
| organization | Org-84 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-06 | 39 | 30.8 % (18.6–46.4 %) |
| organization | Org-62 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-46 | 12 | 50.0 % (25.4–74.6 %) |
| organization | Org-39 | 15 | 26.7 % (10.9–52.0 %) |
| organization | Org-38 | 17 | 17.6 % (6.2–41.0 %) |
| organization | Org-85 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-32 | 19 | 31.6 % (15.4–54.0 %) |
| organization | Org-33 | 18 | 22.2 % (9.0–45.2 %) |
| organization | Org-05 | 40 | 30.0 % (18.1–45.4 %) |
| organization | Org-16 | 24 | 29.2 % (14.9–49.2 %) |
| organization | Org-34 | 19 | 26.3 % (11.8–48.8 %) |
| organization | Org-86 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-41 | 13 | 38.5 % (17.7–64.5 %) |
| organization | Org-36 | 17 | 17.6 % (6.2–41.0 %) |
| organization | Org-45 | 13 | 46.2 % (23.2–70.9 %) |
| organization | Org-70 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |

H3 — Admission to ICU escalation

| Segment | Value | n | Corrected rate (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| age_band | 0-17 | 5 | 20.0 % (3.6–62.4 %) |
| age_band | 18-39 | 39 | 43.6 % (27.8–59.4 %) |
| age_band | 40-59 | 75 | 29.3 % (19.0–39.7 %) |
| age_band | 60-79 | 84 | 28.6 % (18.9–38.3 %) |
| age_band | 80+ | 68 | 19.1 % (9.7–28.5 %) |
| sex | F | 121 | 24.0 % (16.3–31.6 %) |
| sex | M | 150 | 32.0 % (24.5–39.5 %) |
| race | asian | 16 | 25.0 % (10.2–49.5 %) |
| race | black | 25 | 16.0 % (1.3–30.7 %) |
| race | white | 230 | 30.0 % (24.1–35.9 %) |
| ethnicity | hispanic | 28 | 17.9 % (7.9–35.6 %) |
| ethnicity | nonhispanic | 243 | 29.6 % (23.9–35.4 %) |
| organization | Org-29 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-54 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-55 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-24 | 6 | 0.0 % (0.0–39.0 %) |
| organization | Org-63 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-64 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-26 | 5 | 20.0 % (3.6–62.4 %) |
| organization | Org-15 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-25 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-11 | 7 | 28.6 % (0.0–64.7 %) |
| organization | Org-48 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-47 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-42 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-20 | 7 | 14.3 % (2.6–51.3 %) |
| organization | Org-53 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-09 | 11 | 18.2 % (5.1–47.7 %) |
| organization | Org-04 | 10 | 50.0 % (23.7–76.3 %) |
| organization | Org-57 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-17 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-10 | 10 | 40.0 % (16.8–68.7 %) |
| organization | Org-27 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-19 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-35 | 5 | 20.0 % (3.6–62.4 %) |
| organization | Org-80 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-40 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-22 | 6 | 33.3 % (9.7–70.0 %) |
| organization | Org-07 | 6 | 16.7 % (3.0–56.4 %) |
| organization | Org-37 | 5 | 20.0 % (3.6–62.4 %) |
| organization | Org-03 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-30 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-14 | 8 | 37.5 % (13.7–69.4 %) |
| organization | Org-66 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-77 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-79 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-18 | 7 | 57.1 % (25.0–84.2 %) |
| organization | Org-52 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-72 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-28 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-49 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-58 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-50 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-73 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-31 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-21 | 5 | 40.0 % (11.8–76.9 %) |
| organization | Org-02 | 9 | 55.6 % (26.7–81.1 %) |
| organization | Org-23 | 5 | 0.0 % (0.0–43.4 %) |
| organization | Org-67 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-60 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-12 | 11 | 36.4 % (15.2–64.6 %) |
| organization | Org-69 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-13 | 8 | 25.0 % (7.1–59.1 %) |
| organization | Org-01 | 14 | 35.7 % (9.7–61.8 %) |
| organization | Org-51 | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-44 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-08 | 8 | 0.0 % (0.0–32.4 %) |
| organization | Org-06 | 7 | 28.6 % (8.2–64.1 %) |
| organization | Org-62 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-46 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-39 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-38 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-32 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-33 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-05 | 10 | 20.0 % (0.0–46.1 %) |
| organization | Org-16 | 6 | 50.0 % (18.8–81.2 %) |
| organization | Org-34 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-86 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-36 | 5 | 60.0 % (23.1–88.2 %) |
| organization | Org-45 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-70 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |

H4 — Admission to VTE prophylaxis

| Segment | Value | n | Corrected rate (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| age_band | 0-17 | 80 | 35.0 % (24.5–45.5 %) |
| age_band | 18-39 | 322 | 36.0 % (31.0–41.4 %) |
| age_band | 40-59 | 504 | 35.7 % (31.5–39.9 %) |
| age_band | 60-79 | 357 | 34.7 % (29.8–39.7 %) |
| age_band | 80+ | 118 | 34.7 % (26.1–43.4 %) |
| sex | F | 723 | 34.9 % (31.4–38.3 %) |
| sex | M | 658 | 36.0 % (32.3–39.7 %) |
| race | asian | 103 | 31.1 % (22.1–40.0 %) |
| race | black | 115 | 33.0 % (25.1–42.1 %) |
| race | native | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| race | other | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| race | white | 1159 | 36.0 % (33.2–38.7 %) |
| ethnicity | hispanic | 149 | 38.3 % (30.8–46.3 %) |
| ethnicity | nonhispanic | 1232 | 35.1 % (32.4–37.7 %) |
| organization | Org-29 | 20 | 20.0 % (8.1–41.6 %) |
| organization | Org-54 | 5 | 40.0 % (11.8–76.9 %) |
| organization | Org-55 | 5 | 60.0 % (23.1–88.2 %) |
| organization | Org-75 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-24 | 22 | 45.5 % (26.9–65.3 %) |
| organization | Org-71 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-63 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-64 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-26 | 22 | 45.5 % (26.9–65.3 %) |
| organization | Org-15 | 33 | 36.4 % (22.2–53.4 %) |
| organization | Org-25 | 23 | 26.1 % (12.5–46.5 %) |
| organization | Org-11 | 33 | 33.3 % (19.8–50.4 %) |
| organization | Org-48 | 8 | 25.0 % (7.1–59.1 %) |
| organization | Org-47 | 11 | 18.2 % (5.1–47.7 %) |
| organization | Org-42 | 13 | 30.8 % (12.7–57.6 %) |
| organization | Org-20 | 25 | 36.0 % (20.2–55.5 %) |
| organization | Org-53 | 6 | 0.0 % (0.0–39.0 %) |
| organization | Org-09 | 37 | 29.7 % (17.5–45.8 %) |
| organization | Org-04 | 45 | 35.6 % (23.2–50.2 %) |
| organization | Org-56 | 5 | 80.0 % (37.6–96.4 %) |
| organization | Org-57 | 5 | 20.0 % (3.6–62.4 %) |
| organization | Org-17 | 27 | 33.3 % (18.6–52.2 %) |
| organization | Org-10 | 34 | 32.4 % (19.1–49.2 %) |
| organization | Org-27 | 20 | 45.0 % (25.8–65.8 %) |
| organization | Org-43 | 13 | 38.5 % (17.7–64.5 %) |
| organization | Org-19 | 26 | 34.6 % (19.4–53.8 %) |
| organization | Org-35 | 17 | 35.3 % (17.3–58.7 %) |
| organization | Org-80 | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-76 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-81 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-40 | 15 | 26.7 % (10.9–52.0 %) |
| organization | Org-65 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-22 | 23 | 39.1 % (22.2–59.2 %) |
| organization | Org-07 | 39 | 33.3 % (20.6–49.0 %) |
| organization | Org-37 | 16 | 43.8 % (23.1–66.8 %) |
| organization | Org-03 | 48 | 39.6 % (25.6–53.6 %) |
| organization | Org-30 | 19 | 47.4 % (27.3–68.3 %) |
| organization | Org-14 | 33 | 39.4 % (24.7–56.3 %) |
| organization | Org-66 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-77 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-78 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-79 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-18 | 27 | 40.7 % (24.5–59.3 %) |
| organization | Org-52 | 7 | 28.6 % (8.2–64.1 %) |
| organization | Org-72 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-28 | 21 | 33.3 % (17.2–54.6 %) |
| organization | Org-49 | 9 | 33.3 % (12.1–64.6 %) |
| organization | Org-82 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-58 | 5 | 20.0 % (3.6–62.4 %) |
| organization | Org-59 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-50 | 9 | 44.4 % (18.9–73.3 %) |
| organization | Org-73 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-31 | 20 | 35.0 % (18.1–56.7 %) |
| organization | Org-21 | 25 | 36.0 % (20.2–55.5 %) |
| organization | Org-02 | 51 | 33.3 % (20.3–46.4 %) |
| organization | Org-23 | 24 | 45.8 % (27.9–64.9 %) |
| organization | Org-67 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-60 | 5 | 40.0 % (11.8–76.9 %) |
| organization | Org-83 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-12 | 35 | 37.1 % (23.2–53.7 %) |
| organization | Org-74 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-68 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-69 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-13 | 34 | 20.6 % (10.3–36.8 %) |
| organization | Org-01 | 72 | 33.3 % (23.5–44.8 %) |
| organization | Org-51 | 7 | 71.4 % (35.9–91.8 %) |
| organization | Org-61 | 5 | 40.0 % (11.8–76.9 %) |
| organization | Org-44 | 13 | 53.8 % (29.1–76.8 %) |
| organization | Org-08 | 38 | 34.2 % (21.2–50.1 %) |
| organization | Org-84 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-06 | 41 | 34.1 % (21.6–49.5 %) |
| organization | Org-62 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-46 | 12 | 50.0 % (25.4–74.6 %) |
| organization | Org-39 | 16 | 37.5 % (18.5–61.4 %) |
| organization | Org-38 | 17 | 35.3 % (17.3–58.7 %) |
| organization | Org-85 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-32 | 19 | 31.6 % (15.4–54.0 %) |
| organization | Org-33 | 19 | 36.8 % (19.1–59.0 %) |
| organization | Org-05 | 43 | 44.2 % (30.4–58.9 %) |
| organization | Org-16 | 27 | 18.5 % (8.2–36.7 %) |
| organization | Org-34 | 20 | 45.0 % (25.8–65.8 %) |
| organization | Org-86 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-41 | 14 | 42.9 % (21.4–67.4 %) |
| organization | Org-36 | 18 | 27.8 % (12.5–50.9 %) |
| organization | Org-45 | 13 | 30.8 % (12.7–57.6 %) |
| organization | Org-70 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |

H5 — ICU to ventilation

| Segment | Value | n | Corrected rate (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| age_band | 0-17 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| age_band | 18-39 | 19 | 42.1 % (19.3–64.9 %) |
| age_band | 40-59 | 56 | 17.3 % (0.0–52.2 %) |
| age_band | 60-79 | 75 | 41.3 % (30.1–52.6 %) |
| age_band | 80+ | 68 | 18.2 % (0.0–59.1 %) |
| sex | F | 93 | 38.7 % (28.8–48.7 %) |
| sex | M | 126 | 27.0 % (9.8–44.2 %) |
| race | asian | 13 | 30.8 % (12.7–57.6 %) |
| race | black | 23 | 34.8 % (14.9–54.7 %) |
| race | white | 183 | 29.3 % (14.1–44.6 %) |
| ethnicity | hispanic | 22 | 40.9 % (19.9–61.9 %) |
| ethnicity | nonhispanic | 197 | 28.5 % (14.0–43.1 %) |
| organization | Org-29 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-54 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-55 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-24 | 5 | 0.0 % (0.0–43.4 %) |
| organization | Org-63 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-64 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-26 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-15 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-25 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-11 | 6 | 33.3 % (9.7–70.0 %) |
| organization | Org-48 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-42 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-20 | 5 | 20.0 % (3.6–62.4 %) |
| organization | Org-53 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-09 | 10 | 40.0 % (8.0–72.0 %) |
| organization | Org-04 | 8 | 62.5 % (30.6–86.3 %) |
| organization | Org-57 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-17 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-10 | 6 | 66.7 % (30.0–90.3 %) |
| organization | Org-27 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-19 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-35 | 5 | 40.0 % (11.8–76.9 %) |
| organization | Org-80 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-40 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-22 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-07 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-37 | 5 | 40.0 % (11.8–76.9 %) |
| organization | Org-03 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-30 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-14 | 6 | 50.0 % (18.8–81.2 %) |
| organization | Org-66 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-77 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-79 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-18 | 6 | 33.3 % (9.7–70.0 %) |
| organization | Org-52 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-72 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-28 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-49 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-58 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-50 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-73 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-31 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-21 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-02 | 9 | 44.4 % (18.9–73.3 %) |
| organization | Org-23 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-67 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-60 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-12 | 9 | 66.7 % (35.4–87.9 %) |
| organization | Org-69 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-13 | 7 | 57.1 % (25.0–84.2 %) |
| organization | Org-01 | 11 | 45.5 % (21.3–72.0 %) |
| organization | Org-51 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-44 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-08 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-06 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-62 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-46 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-39 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-38 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-32 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-33 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-05 | 8 | 25.0 % (0.0–57.1 %) |
| organization | Org-16 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-34 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-86 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-36 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-45 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-70 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |

H6 — Discharge to follow-up

| Segment | Value | n | Corrected rate (95 % CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| age_band | 0-17 | 23 | 34.8 % (18.8–55.1 %) |
| age_band | 18-39 | 94 | 36.2 % (26.4–45.9 %) |
| age_band | 40-59 | 119 | 47.1 % (38.1–56.1 %) |
| age_band | 60-79 | 74 | 29.7 % (19.2–40.2 %) |
| age_band | 80+ | 14 | 35.7 % (9.7–61.8 %) |
| sex | F | 206 | 38.3 % (31.7–45.0 %) |
| sex | M | 118 | 39.0 % (30.1–47.8 %) |
| race | asian | 23 | 34.8 % (18.8–55.1 %) |
| race | black | 26 | 42.3 % (22.9–61.7 %) |
| race | native | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| race | other | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| race | white | 274 | 38.7 % (32.9–44.5 %) |
| ethnicity | hispanic | 30 | 50.0 % (33.2–66.8 %) |
| ethnicity | nonhispanic | 294 | 37.4 % (31.9–43.0 %) |
| organization | Org-29 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-54 | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-55 | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-75 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-24 | 6 | 33.3 % (9.7–70.0 %) |
| organization | Org-71 | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-63 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-64 | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-26 | 5 | 60.0 % (23.1–88.2 %) |
| organization | Org-15 | 10 | 20.0 % (5.7–51.0 %) |
| organization | Org-25 | 9 | 33.3 % (0.7–66.0 %) |
| organization | Org-11 | 6 | 50.0 % (18.8–81.2 %) |
| organization | Org-48 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-47 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-42 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-20 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-53 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-09 | 7 | 42.9 % (15.8–75.0 %) |
| organization | Org-04 | 6 | 50.0 % (18.8–81.2 %) |
| organization | Org-56 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-57 | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-17 | 5 | 60.0 % (23.1–88.2 %) |
| organization | Org-10 | 10 | 70.0 % (40.1–99.9 %) |
| organization | Org-27 | 7 | 28.6 % (8.2–64.1 %) |
| organization | Org-43 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-19 | 5 | 40.0 % (11.8–76.9 %) |
| organization | Org-35 | 5 | 40.0 % (11.8–76.9 %) |
| organization | Org-80 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-76 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-81 | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-40 | 7 | 28.6 % (8.2–64.1 %) |
| organization | Org-65 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-22 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-07 | 7 | 28.6 % (8.2–64.1 %) |
| organization | Org-37 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-03 | 8 | 37.5 % (13.7–69.4 %) |
| organization | Org-30 | 5 | 20.0 % (3.6–62.4 %) |
| organization | Org-14 | 11 | 36.4 % (15.2–64.6 %) |
| organization | Org-66 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-77 | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-78 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-79 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-18 | 7 | 57.1 % (25.0–84.2 %) |
| organization | Org-52 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-72 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-28 | 5 | 60.0 % (23.1–88.2 %) |
| organization | Org-49 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-82 | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-58 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-59 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-50 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-73 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-31 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-21 | 8 | 37.5 % (13.7–69.4 %) |
| organization | Org-02 | 13 | 15.4 % (4.3–42.2 %) |
| organization | Org-23 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-67 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-60 | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-12 | 8 | 62.5 % (30.6–86.3 %) |
| organization | Org-74 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-68 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-69 | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-13 | 7 | 28.6 % (8.2–64.1 %) |
| organization | Org-01 | 18 | 38.9 % (15.7–62.1 %) |
| organization | Org-51 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-61 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-44 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-08 | 15 | 33.3 % (15.2–58.3 %) |
| organization | Org-84 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-06 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-62 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-46 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-39 | 5 | 20.0 % (3.6–62.4 %) |
| organization | Org-38 | 9 | 55.6 % (26.7–81.1 %) |
| organization | Org-85 | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-32 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-33 | 7 | 28.6 % (8.2–64.1 %) |
| organization | Org-05 | 8 | 37.5 % (13.7–69.4 %) |
| organization | Org-16 | 3 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-34 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-86 | 0 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-41 | 4 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-36 | 2 | suppressed (n < 5) |
| organization | Org-45 | 5 | 0.0 % (0.0–43.4 %) |
| organization | Org-70 | 1 | suppressed (n < 5) |

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